Overseas Study Tour
Introduction
During June and July 2009 the Rootstock Project Manager went overseas to Spain, France and United States of America for a 30 day study tour to observe, discuss and compare the analytical methods and approaches to rootstock research.
This study tour was made possible as a result of the Barossa Young Viticulturist Fellowship award 2008 and through the Phylloxera and Grape Industry Board of South Australia. Special thanks to Barossa Grapegrowers' Vine Selection Society and Elders for their financial contribution to the Fellowship.
The aim of the study tour was to investigate and gather information on the current rootstock programs being undertaken in Spain, France, Washington State and California, with specific focus on issues relevant to Australian conditions; for example: water issues in Spain and the promotion of grapevine rootstock plantings in Washington state where the phylloxera threat is minimal, and rootstock plantings are low.
Highlights
SPAIN
- Water is a key issue for the Spanish wine industry and as a consequence a lot of research is being funded into water-use efficiency and drought-proofing vineyards
- The use of rootstocks is essential due to the prevalence of Phylloxera
- The main rootstock of choice in Spain is 110 Richter predominantly due to its drought tolerance. Newer vineyards are also planting with 140Ru and 1103P for drought tolerance
- Further investigation may be warranted into the growth characteristics of rootstock 161-49
FRANCE
- Past rootstock choice and use was driven by availability and ease of planting, hence SO4 and 41B were the dominant rootstocks used throughout France. In addition, both of these rootstocks were effective for lime-induced chlorosis that occurs on the chalky soils in France.
- Rootstock use is expanding and varies between regions, depending on climatic and soil conditions.
- Regulation is a key component of winegrape growing in France. Regulations include the types of varieties allowed to be grown and the tonnage the growers are restricted to. This ensures the French wine industry remains viable and maintains the appropriate balance between supply and demand. This is particularly evident in such regions as Champagne and Bordeaux, where irrigation is restricted.
- Most rootstocks used in France have been trialed in Australia (Nicholas 2006). However further investigation may be warranted into the growth characteristics of rootstocks Riparia Gloire de Montpellier, and more work should be conducted on 3309C and SO4.
USA
- Washington State is taking a similar proactive approach to South Australia in trying to get growers to plant on phylloxera resistant rootstocks.
- Potential to trial new rootstocks in South Australia for nematode resistance.
Download full report (4MB)
For further information contact Catherine Cox at the Phylloxera and Grape Industry Board on +61 8 8362 0488 or catherinec@phylloxera.com.au.
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